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JAVA实现QQ登录、注册、修改密码等功能(美化版)

2022-05-18 08:05 · 头闻号编程技术

文章目录

大家好,今天用Java的awt组件swing组件以及数据库JDBC写了一个仿QQ登录的界面,具体演示如下图所示,包括三个页面,分别是登录窗口(Mainframe)、注册窗口(RegisterUI)和忘记密码窗口(ForgetUI)。本文主要应用的技术有:JAVA-GUI、JAVA的awt组件、swing组件、事件处理、JDBC,是初学者学习和练手的好项目。准备好了吗,let’s get it!

项目结构及结果展示

该项目的结构如下图所示:

image-20220512090024192

主要有三个类:

image-20220512083835432

image-20220512084322003

image-20220512084509083

代码展示

在进行代码展示前,先对Swing组件常见的控件类进行介绍,Swing组件常见的控件类有以下几种:

JLabel 标签主要用于展示 文本图片,也可以 同时显示文本和图片
JButton 点击事件
Jtextarea 编辑单行的文本框
JPasswordArea 一个只能输入数字的密码框 把输入的内容用其他字符回显
JTabledPlan 选项卡面板。它允许用户通过点击给定标题或图标的选项卡,在一组组件之间进行切换显示
JCheckBox 复选框,是否被选中
JPanel相当于将整个窗体划分成几个面板,然后在面板中使用布局管理器(管理按钮的布局)一个窗口只能有一个Jframe,能有多个JPlanel
Imagin.SCALE_DEFAULT 自适应JLabel的大小
getScaledInstance 创建此图像的缩放版本。返回一个新的 image 对象,默认情况下,该对象按指定的 width 和 height 呈现图像。即使已经完全加载了初始源图像,新的 image 对象也可以被异步加载
SetIcon图标将会被自动地放到按钮的上面,缺省时居中放置
setborderpainted 如果进度条应该绘制边框,则为 true;否则为 false

Mainframe模块

Mainframe的布局如下图所示:

image-20220512092119356

Mainframe的代码如下:

package frame;import java.awt.BorderLayout;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Cursor;import java.awt.GridLayout;import java.awt.Image;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.awt.event.FocusEvent;import java.awt.event.FocusListener;import javax.swing.BorderFactory;import javax.swing.ImageIcon;import javax.swing.JButton;import javax.swing.Jframe;import javax.swing.JLabel;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;import javax.swing.JPanel;import javax.swing.JPasswordField;import javax.swing.JTextField;public class Mainframe extends Jframe implements ActionListener, FocusListener {   private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;   private static final String _txt_account = "QQ密码/手机/邮箱";   private static final String _txt_pwd = "密码";   private static final String _txt_title = "QQ登录";   private static final String _txt_registe = "注册";   private static final String _txt_forget = "忘记密码";   private static final String _txt_blank = "";      private JTextField account;   private JPasswordField pwd;   private JLabel upper_frame;   private JPanel lower_frame, center_frame;   private JButton login, register, forget;   Mainframe() {      //控件的初始化      init();      add(upper_frame, BorderLayout.NORTH);      add(center_frame, BorderLayout.CENTER);      add(lower_frame, BorderLayout.SOUTH);      ImageIcon logo = new ImageIcon("D:/image/logo.jpg"); //左上方小图标      setIconImage(logo.getImage());      setBounds(500, 230, 430, 360); //设定大小及位置      setResizable(false); //登录框大小固定,不允许通过拖、拉改变大小      setDefaultCloseOperation(Jframe.HIDE_ON_CLOSE); //设置窗口右上角的叉号,点击叉号窗口关闭 注意不能EXIT_ON_CLOSE做参数的,用它时候使用的是System.exit方法退出应用程序。故会关闭所有窗口。      setTitle(_txt_title);      setVisible(true); //说明数据模型已经构造好了,允许JVM可以根据数据模型执行paint方法开始画图并显示到屏幕上,一般放在最后一句   }       public void init() {      //账号输入块      account = new JTextField(_txt_account);      account.setName("account");      account.setForeground(Color.gray);      account.addFocusListener(this); //产生事件响应用户行为      //密码输入块      pwd = new JPasswordField(_txt_pwd);      pwd.setName("pwd");      pwd.setForeground(Color.gray);      pwd.setEchoChar('0'); //启动后密码框内一定为 “密码”      pwd.addFocusListener(this);      //注册模块      register = new JButton(_txt_registe);      register.setBorderPainted(false);      register.setBorder(BorderFactory.createRaisedBevelBorder()); //斜面边框(凸)      register.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));       register.addActionListener(this);      //忘记密码模块      forget = new JButton(_txt_forget);      forget.setBorderPainted(false);      forget.setBorder(BorderFactory.createRaisedBevelBorder());      forget.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));       forget.addActionListener(this);                  //login按钮模块      login = new JButton();      ImageIcon login_image = new ImageIcon("D:/image/login_image.png");      login_image.setImage(login_image.getImage().getScaledInstance(430, 35, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT));      login.setIcon(login_image);      login.setBackground(Color.white);      login.setBorderPainted(false); //如果进度条应该绘制边框,则为 true;否则为 false      login.setBorder(null); //设置此组件的边框 无      login.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR)); //将光标设为 “小手”形状      login.addActionListener(this);                        //qq登录框架上半部分(无按钮之类的内容,只有一张图片)      ImageIcon upper_image = new ImageIcon("D:/image/upper_image.png");      upper_image.setImage(upper_image.getImage().getScaledInstance(430, 160, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT));      upper_frame = new JLabel(upper_image);                  //qq登录中间部分 (账号、密码、 注册、forget)      center_frame = new JPanel();      center_frame.setName("center_frame");      center_frame.setLayout(null);      center_frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 3, 3, 15)); //这里用到3行3列的空间, 用空格填充      center_frame.add(new JLabel(_txt_blank, JLabel.CENTER));      center_frame.add(account);      center_frame.add(new JLabel(_txt_blank, JLabel.CENTER));      center_frame.add(new JLabel(_txt_blank, JLabel.CENTER));      center_frame.add(pwd);      center_frame.add(new JLabel(_txt_blank, JLabel.CENTER));      center_frame.add(register);      center_frame.add(new JLabel(_txt_blank, JLabel.CENTER));      center_frame.add(forget);      center_frame.setBackground(Color.white);                  //qq登录框架的下半部分login      lower_frame = new JPanel();      lower_frame.setName("lower_frame");      lower_frame.setLayout(null);      //lower_frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 3, 3, 15));      lower_frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1));       lower_frame.add(login);   }   //按钮的点击事件用actionPerformed   @Override   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){            //处理登录(login)页面      if(e.getSource() == login){         String user_name = account.getText().trim();         String user_pwd = new String(pwd.getPassword()).trim();         if("".equals(user_name)) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入帐号");            return;         }         if("".equals(user_pwd)) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入密码");            return;         }      }      //处理注册(register)页面      if(e.getSource() == register){         RegisterUI registerUI = new RegisterUI(this);      }      //处理找回密码(forget)页面      if(e.getSource() == forget){         ForgetUI forgetUI = new ForgetUI(this);      }            }      //鼠标的点击或移动之类的用focuslistener   @Override   public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {      //处理账号输入框       if(e.getSource() == account){         if(_txt_account.equals(account.getText())){            account.setText("");            account.setForeground(Color.BLACK);         }      }             //处理密码输入框      if(e.getSource() == pwd){         if(_txt_pwd.equals(pwd.getText())){            pwd.setText("");            pwd.setEchoChar('*');            pwd.setForeground(Color.BLACK);         }      }         }      @Override   public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {      //处理账号输入框      if(e.getSource() == account){         if("".equals(account.getText())){            account.setForeground(Color.gray);            account.setText(_txt_account);         }      }             //处理密码输入框      if(e.getSource() == pwd){         if("".equals(pwd.getText())){            pwd.setForeground(Color.gray);            pwd.setText(_txt_pwd);            pwd.setEchoChar('0');         }      }   }         public static void main(String[] args) {      Mainframe mainframe = new Mainframe();   }}

RegisterUI模块

RegisterUI的布局和Mainframe的类似,如下图所示:

image-20220512092813278

RegisterUI的代码如下:

package frame;import java.awt.BorderLayout;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Cursor;import java.awt.GridLayout;import java.awt.Image;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.awt.event.FocusEvent;import java.awt.event.FocusListener;import javax.swing.ImageIcon;import javax.swing.JButton;import javax.swing.Jframe;import javax.swing.JLabel;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;import javax.swing.JPanel;import javax.swing.JTextField;public class RegisterUI extends Jframe implements ActionListener, FocusListener {   private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;   private JLabel upper_N, user_name_txt, user_pwd_txt, user_ques_txt, user_ans_txt; //显示文字用   private JButton register_button_S;   private JTextField user_name, user_pwd, user_ques, user_ans; //在这里面获取用户输入   private JPanel tmp_South, center_Center;   private Mainframe mainframe; //用于关闭登录页面 如果注册成功则将刚开始的注册页面关闭      public RegisterUI(Mainframe mainframe) {            this.mainframe = mainframe;            //初始化界面      init();            //合成整体      add(center_Center, BorderLayout.CENTER);      add(upper_N, BorderLayout.NORTH);      add(tmp_South, BorderLayout.SOUTH);            //位置、页面大小设置      setSize(250, 400);      setLocation(550, 300);      ImageIcon logo = new ImageIcon("D:/image/register_image.png"); //左上方小图标      setIconImage(logo.getImage());      setDefaultCloseOperation(Jframe.HIDE_ON_CLOSE);      setResizable(false);      setVisible(true);   }   public void init() {            //上方图片部分构造 上 即为 北      ImageIcon upper_image = new ImageIcon("D:/image/register_background_image.jpg");      upper_image.setImage(upper_image.getImage().getScaledInstance(250, 139,            Image.SCALE_DEFAULT));      upper_N = new JLabel(upper_image);            //下方注册图片构造 下 即为 南      tmp_South = new JPanel(); //作为一个容器来放确认注册按钮      register_button_S = new JButton();      ImageIcon conform_register_image = new ImageIcon("D:/image/conform_register_image.png");      conform_register_image.setImage(conform_register_image.getImage().getScaledInstance(220, 40, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT));      register_button_S.setIcon(conform_register_image);      // 不绘制边框      register_button_S.setBorderPainted(false);      // 设置边框为空      register_button_S.setBorder(null);      register_button_S.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));      register_button_S.addActionListener(this); //产生事件响应用户行为      tmp_South.add(register_button_S);            //中间部分内容      center_Center = new JPanel();      user_name_txt = new JLabel("用户账号", JLabel.CENTER);      user_pwd_txt = new JLabel("用户密码", JLabel.CENTER);      user_ques_txt = new JLabel("提示问题", JLabel.CENTER);      user_ans_txt = new JLabel("问题答案", JLabel.CENTER);      user_name = new JTextField();      user_pwd = new JTextField();      user_ques = new JTextField();      user_ans = new JTextField();      user_name.addFocusListener(this);      user_pwd.addFocusListener(this);      user_ans.addFocusListener(this);      user_ques.addFocusListener(this);      center_Center.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 2));      center_Center.add(user_name_txt);      center_Center.add(user_name);      center_Center.add(user_pwd_txt);      center_Center.add(user_pwd);      center_Center.add(user_ques_txt);      center_Center.add(user_ques);      center_Center.add(user_ans_txt);      center_Center.add(user_ans);         }   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {            if (e.getSource() == register_button_S) {         String username = user_name.getText().trim();         String password =  user_pwd.getText().trim();         String userques = user_ques.getText().trim();         String userans = user_ans.getText().trim();         if ("".equals(username) || username == null) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入帐号");            return;         }         if ("".equals(password) || password == null) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入密码");            return;         }                  if ("".equals(userques) || userques == null) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入问题");            return;         }         if ("".equals(userans) || userans == null) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入答案");            return;         }      }   }   //鼠标的点击或移动之类的用focuslistener   @Override   public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {      //处理账号输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_name){          user_name.setForeground(Color.BLACK);       }                 //处理密码输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_pwd){          user_pwd.setForeground(Color.BLACK);       }            //处理问题输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_ques){          user_ques.setForeground(Color.BLACK);       }                 //处理答案输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_ans){          user_ans.setForeground(Color.BLACK);       }          }   @Override   public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {      //处理账号输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_name){          user_name.setForeground(Color.gray);       }                 //处理密码输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_pwd){          user_pwd.setForeground(Color.gray);       }            //处理问题输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_ques){          user_ques.setForeground(Color.gray);       }                 //处理答案输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_ans){          user_ans.setForeground(Color.gray);       }   }}

RegisterUI模块

为了掌握多种布局方式,这里RegisterUI采用的是绝对布局,相关代码如下:

package frame;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Cursor;import java.awt.Image;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.awt.event.FocusEvent;import java.awt.event.FocusListener;import javax.swing.ImageIcon;import javax.swing.JButton;import javax.swing.Jframe;import javax.swing.JLabel;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;import javax.swing.JTextField;public class ForgetUI extends Jframe implements ActionListener, FocusListener{   private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;   private JLabel upper_N, user_name_txt, user_pwd_txt, user_ques_txt, user_ans_txt, user_ques; //显示文字用   private JButton forget_button_S, submit_button;   private JTextField user_name, user_pwd, user_ans; //在这里面获取用户输入   private Mainframe mainframe; //用于关闭登录页面 如果修改密码成功则将刚开始的注册页面关闭      public ForgetUI(Mainframe mainframe) {      this.mainframe = mainframe;      //页面构造      init();      //合成整体      add(upper_N);      add(user_name_txt);      add(user_name);      add(submit_button);      add(user_ques_txt);      add(user_ques);      add(user_ans_txt);      add(user_ans);      add(user_pwd_txt);      add(user_pwd);      add(forget_button_S);            //位置、页面大小设置      setSize(270, 430);      setLocation(550, 300);      setLayout(null); //手工布局 与其他页面不同       ImageIcon logo = new ImageIcon("D:/image/register_image.jpg"); //左上方小图标      setIconImage(logo.getImage());      setDefaultCloseOperation(Jframe.HIDE_ON_CLOSE);      setResizable(false);      setVisible(true);        }      public void init() {      //上方图片部分构造 上 即为 北      ImageIcon upper_image = new ImageIcon("D:/image/forget_background_image.png");      upper_image.setImage(upper_image.getImage().getScaledInstance(270, 170,            Image.SCALE_DEFAULT));      upper_N = new JLabel(upper_image);      upper_N.setLocation(0,0); //确定位置      upper_N.setSize(270, 170); //设置大小                  //中间部分内容 绝对位置      user_name_txt = new JLabel("用户账号", JLabel.CENTER);      user_name_txt.setSize(60, 20);      user_name_txt.setLocation(10, 185);            submit_button = new JButton();      submit_button.setText("查询");      submit_button.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));      submit_button.setSize(60, 20);      submit_button.setLocation(190, 185);      submit_button.addActionListener(this); //产生事件响应用户行为            user_ques_txt = new JLabel("提示问题", JLabel.CENTER);      user_ques_txt.setSize(60, 20);      user_ques_txt.setLocation(10, 220);            user_ans_txt = new JLabel("问题答案", JLabel.CENTER);      user_ans_txt.setSize(60, 20);      user_ans_txt.setLocation(10, 255);            user_pwd_txt = new JLabel("重置密码", JLabel.CENTER);      user_pwd_txt.setSize(60, 20);      user_pwd_txt.setLocation(10, 290);            user_name = new JTextField();      user_name.setSize(100, 30);      user_name.setLocation(80, 185);            user_ques = new JLabel("点击查询后显示", JLabel.CENTER);      user_ques.setSize(100, 30);      user_ques.setLocation(80, 220);            user_ans = new JTextField();      user_ans.setSize(100, 30);      user_ans.setLocation(80, 255);            user_pwd = new JTextField();      user_pwd.setSize(100, 30);      user_pwd.setLocation(80, 290);                     user_name.addFocusListener(this);      user_pwd.addFocusListener(this);      user_ans.addFocusListener(this);                  //下方注册图片构造 下 即为 南      forget_button_S = new JButton();      ImageIcon conform_register_image = new ImageIcon("D:/image/conform_forget_image.png");      conform_register_image.setImage(conform_register_image.getImage().getScaledInstance(220, 32, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT));      forget_button_S.setIcon(conform_register_image);      forget_button_S.setBorderPainted(false);      forget_button_S.setBorder(null);      forget_button_S.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));      forget_button_S.setSize(220, 32);      forget_button_S.setLocation(15, 330);      forget_button_S.addActionListener(this); //产生事件响应用户行为            }      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {            if(e.getSource() == submit_button) {         String username = user_name.getText().trim();         if("".equals(username) || username == null) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入帐号");            return;         } else {         }      }      if (e.getSource() == forget_button_S) {         if(user_name == null ) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入正确账号并点击查询");             return;         }                   String newpwd = user_pwd.getText();         if(newpwd == null || "".equals(newpwd)) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入新密码");             return;         }                  String userans = user_ans.getText();                  if(userans == null || "".equals(userans)) {            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入答案");                        return;         }                        }   }      //鼠标的点击或移动之类的用focuslistener 这里不知道为啥没变色 (哭   @Override   public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {      //处理账号输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_name){          user_name.setForeground(Color.BLACK);       }                 //处理密码输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_pwd){          user_pwd.setForeground(Color.BLACK);       }            //处理问题输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_ques){          //user_ques.setForeground(Color.BLACK);       }                 //处理答案输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_ans){          user_ans.setForeground(Color.BLACK);       }          }   @Override   public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {      //处理账号输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_name){          user_name.setForeground(Color.gray);       }                 //处理密码输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_pwd){          user_pwd.setForeground(Color.gray);       }            //处理问题输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_ques){          //user_ques.setForeground(Color.gray);       }                 //处理答案输入框       if(e.getSource() == user_ans){          user_ans.setForeground(Color.gray);       }   }}

JDBC模块

以上仿QQ实现了QQ的登录功能,但是对于登录只做了简单的是否为空的校验,并没有使用数据库进行查询,可以通过以下方式创建并使用数据库进行增删查改:

创建数据库,并创建User表

create database MyQQ;use MyQQ;create table user(	id int primary key auto_increment,	username varchar(20),	password varchar(20),       question varchar(100),       answer varchar(100));INSERT INTO `USER` VALUES(null,'10001','123456','csdnJava哪家强','每天都要努力的小颓废');

将驱动jar包导入项目(jar包地址在软件地址 的mysql目录):

在这里插入图片描述

[(img-gYmcOXNo-1652322500170)(https://gitee.com/codinginn/back-end-learning-notes-1/raw/master/4.java/imgs.assets/image-20220512102308846.png)]
在这里插入图片描述
JDBC操作代码如下:

import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.Statement;public class Test {    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{        // 	需求:查询所有的用户, 输出到控制台        // 分析:        // 1.创建项目,拷贝驱动jar包到模块下,并添加到classpath路径中        // 2.注册驱动        DriverManager.registerDriver(new Driver());        // 3.获得连接        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_mybatis";        String username = "root";        String password = "root";        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);        // 4.创建执行sql的对象        Statement statement = connection.createStatement();        // 5.执行sql语句,处理结果        String sql = "select * from user";        ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);        while (resultSet.next()) {            // 取出来            //System.out.print(resultSet.getObject("id")+" ");            //System.out.print(resultSet.getObject("username")+" ");            //System.out.print(resultSet.getObject("password")+" ");            //System.out.println(resultSet.getObject("question")+" ");            //System.out.println(resultSet.getObject("answer"));            System.out.print(resultSet.getObject(1)+"  ");            System.out.print(resultSet.getObject(2)+"  ");            System.out.print(resultSet.getObject(3)+"  ");            System.out.println(resultSet.getObject(4)+"  ");            System.out.println(resultSet.getObject(5));            System.out.println("------------------------------------------------");        }        username = "10001";        password = "1234567";        // 5.2 判断用户名密码是否正确        sql = "select * from user where username = " + username + " and password =" + password;        resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);        //查询到了说明不为空,此时登录成功        if(resultSet.next()){            System.out.println("登录成功");        }        else{            System.out.println("登录失败");        }        // 6.释放资源        if (resultSet != null){            resultSet.close();        }        if (statement != null){            statement.close();        }        if (connection != null){            connection.close();        }    }}

以上仅演示了简单的JDBC操作,由于篇幅有限,这里暂不介绍如何防登录注入、JDBC工具类的提取以及数据库连接池,后续再进行介绍。

需要注意以上代码中的图片路径使用的是绝对路径,大家可以根据自己需要进行替换,代码已上传至Gitee,如果文章知识点有错误的地方,请指正!大家一起学习,一起进步,谢谢

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