求一篇介绍红酒的英语文章

Wine has been made for centuries from just a two simple ingredients: yeast and grape juice. Actually, just about any fruit juice can be used, but by far the majority of all wine is made from the juice of the grape.

Yeast is the magical ingredient that turns grape juice into wine. Interestingly enough, there is actually wild yeast spores in the air and all that is really needed to make wine is an open container of grape juice and time. The result however, would probably not be the most palatable of beverages.

There are numerous strains of yeasts and the types used to make wine have been cultured just for this purpose. Well anyway, yeast is a living organism that feeds off of sugars in the grape juice in a process called fermentation.

During fermentation, yeast spores will reproduce exponentially until all of the fermentable sugars have been consumed. During this fermentation process, the sugars are converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

The yeast will also impart a taste to the finished wine depending on various factors such as the strain of yeast used, the temperature during fermentation and other factors.

once all of the fermentable sugars have been consumed, the yeast will fall to the bottom of the container. The wine is removed from the container, leaving the yeast, and is trasferred to another container to mature while waiting to be bottled.

Of course, this whole process has been extremely simplified for a general understanding.

You probably know that there are green grapes and black grapes and different grapes are used to make different wines.

What you might not know is that almost all grape juice (even from the black grapes) is basically colorless to golden in color.

The way a wine gets its color is by letting the skins soak in the juice during fermentation. You can actually make white wine from black grapes by not letting the skins stay in contact with the juice. Champagne is one of the most famous examples.

If the skins are left in the wine for only a short amount of time, a rose (or blush) will be made. If they are left for an extended amount of time, a dark red wine will be the result.

Even though there are very few ingredients, there are many things which influence the taste of wine. First of all, there are many varieties of grapes. Each grape variety will produce different flavors, aromas, and even textures.

In addition, the soil and climate where the grapes are grown drastically affect these variables.

Not only that, but the wine maker can control various things by the technique, temperature and yeast used during fermentation. Other variables such as fermenting or storing in oak barrels will also affect the taste.

Never fear, with all of these factors considered even the most avid wine drinker would ever be able to experience all of the different varieties of wine on the market today. Let the treasure hunting begin!

Tannin is a substance in wine that causes a firm, mouth-drying feeling in your mouth. It is extracted from the skins, seeds and stems of the grapes so red wines will contain more tannin than whites.

White wines will get a degree of tannin when oak barrels are used for fermentation or aging. Eat just the skins of grapes or drink strongly brewed, unsweetened tea for a good idea of what tannin feels like in your mouth.

By law, almost all wine made in the United States will have “Contains Sulfites” on the label. This is because about very small percentage of asthma sufferers can be extremely sensitive to sulfites.

Sulfites or sulfur dioxide is a compound occurring naturally during the fermentation process. Sometimes, though a wine maker will add a little more because of its antibacterial and preservative qualities. White wines have more sulfites than red wines because they need more protection.

Now that you've been introduced to wine, the best way to really get to know it is to drink it. I highly recommend tasting flights as a way to learn about the different varietals.

帮忙翻译红酒专业英语

红酒波尔多：Red wine Bordeaux

波尔多红酒是一种葡萄酒，波尔多葡萄酒享誉世界，它口感柔顺细致，风情万种，有“法国葡萄酒皇后”的美称，是世界公认最大的葡萄酒产地。它坐落在美丽的法国。

扩展资料：

如果说到红酒，大家了解最熟悉的应该就是法国生产的，因为毕竟在很多人心目中对于法国生产的红酒情有独钟。对于法国浪漫的氛围更是很多人的关注，而对于红酒以及葡萄酒更是很多浪漫场合必不可少的，所以对于法国红酒人们更是特别的喜爱，那么如果说到法国红酒，肯定要说到法国著名的波尔多地区。

要说波尔多红酒口感特点，首先要说的就是它作为国际知名酒庄，而且历史时间也是比较长的，所以是著名的葡萄酒产区，更是有着很多知名酒庄的地区。这里有很多的酒庄，自然会生产出各种不同的红酒，不同的酒庄，不同的酒，不同的口感，能给人带来不一样的体验，这样人们在选择的时候可以选择自己所喜爱的红酒。

而要说到波尔多红酒口感特点，肯定要说对于这里有优越的气候条件。所以这里都是比较适宜葡萄生长的，产出的葡萄它的口感品质都是非常不错的，深受大家的欢迎。

对于不同的葡萄，它不仅口感独特，对于酿制出来的红酒的口感也是不同，像大多数的波尔多地区它的红酒都是倾向于香甜可口的，品尝会会让人觉得回味无穷。当然它的质感也是非常的强，能够明显的感觉得到与其他的酒庄生产的酒不同。

参考资料：

百度百科-波尔多红酒

第一级列级酒庄（5间）First Growths(Premiers Crus)Commune

Chateau Lafite-Rothschild 拉菲庄------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Margaux 玛歌庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Latour 拉图庄------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Haut-Brion(Pessac-Leognan) 红颜容------ Graves 格拉芙

Chateau Mouton-Rothschild(1973年升格) 木桐庄 ------ Pauillac 波亚克

第二级列级酒庄（14间）Second Growths(Deuxiemes Crus)Commune

Chateau Rausan-Segle 鲁臣世家庄园------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Rauzan-Gassies 露仙歌酒庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Leoville-Las Cases 雄狮庄（露儿拉萨庄园）------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Leoville-Poyferre 露儿保芙庄园------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Leoville-Barton 巴顿庄园------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Durfort-Vivens 杜佛维恩庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Gruaud-Larose 拉路斯酒庄------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Lascombes 力士金庄园------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Brane-Cantenac(Cantenac) 布朗康田酒庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Pichon-Longueville-Baron 碧尚巴雄庄园------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Pichon-Longueville,Comtesse de Lalande 碧尚拉龙庄园------ Pauillac 波亚克Chateau Ducru-Beaucaillou 宝嘉龙庄（杜克宝龙酒园）------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Cos d’Estournel 埃思杜耐尔古堡（爱诗图尔古堡）------ Saint-Estephe 圣埃斯特菲Chateau Montrose 孟特罗斯庄园------ Saint-Estephe 圣埃斯特菲

第三级列级酒庄（14间）Third Growths(Troisiemes Crus)Commune

Chateau Kirwan(Cantenac) 麒麟酒庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau d’lssan(Cantenac) 迪仙庄 ------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Lagrange 拉格喜酒庄 ------ Saint-Juillen 圣祖利安

Chateau Langoa-Barton 丽冠巴顿酒庄------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Giscours(Labarde) 美人鱼酒庄 ----- Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Malescot Saint-Exupery 马利哥庄园------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Boyd-Cantenac(Cantenac) 贝卡塔纳酒庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Cantenac-Brown(Cantenac) 肯德布朗酒庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Palmer(Cantenac) 宝马庄（帕玛古堡）------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau La Lagune(Ludon) 拉携酒庄----- Haut-Medoc 上梅多克

Chateau Desmirail 狄士美酒庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Calon-Segur 凯隆世家------ Saint-Estephe 圣埃斯特菲

Chateau Ferriere 费里埃酒庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Marquis d’Alesme-Becker 碧加侯爵庄园------ Margaux 玛歌村

第四级列级酒庄（10间）Fourth Growths(Quatriemes Crus)Commune

Chateau Saint-Pierre 圣皮尔古堡------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Talbot 大宝庄------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Branaire-Ducru 班尼尔酒庄------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Duhart-Milon-Rothschild 多哈米伦堡 ------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Pouget(Cantenac) 宝爵庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau La Tour-Carnet(Saint-Laurent) 拉图嘉利庄园------- Haut-Medoc 上梅多克

Chateau Lafon-Rochet 拉科鲁锡酒庄------ Saint-Estephe 圣埃斯特菲

Chateau Beychevelle 龙船庄------ Saint-Julien 圣祖利安

Chateau Prieure-Lichine(Cantenac) 荔仙庄园------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Marquis-de-Terme 德达侯爵酒庄------- Margaux 玛歌村

第五级列级酒庄（18间）Fifth Growths(Cinquiemes Crus)Commune

Chateau Pontet-Canet 宝得根酒庄------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Batailley 巴特利庄园-------- Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Haut-Batailley 奥巴特利酒庄------- Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Grand-Puy-Lacoste 拉古斯酒庄------- Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Grand-Puy-Ducasse 都卡斯酒庄------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Lynch-Bages 林卓贝斯（靓翅伯）酒庄 ------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Lynch-Moussas 浪琴慕沙（靓茨摩）庄园------- Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Dauzac(Labarde) 杜扎克酒庄------ Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau d’Armailhac 达玛雅克（小丑人）庄园------- Pauillac 波亚克 旧称为Chateau Mouton-Baronne-Philippe

Chateau du Tertre(Arsac) 杜特酒庄------Margaux 玛歌村

Chateau Haut-Bages-Liberal 奥巴里奇堡------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Pedesclaux 百德诗歌酒庄------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Belgrave(Saint-Laurent) 巴加芙酒庄------ Haut-Medoc 上梅多克

Chateau de Camensac(Saint-Laurent) 佳文萨庄园------ Haut-Medoc 上梅多克

Chateau Cos-Labory 柯斯拉柏丽酒庄------ Saint-Estehe 圣埃斯特菲

Chateau Clerc-Milon 克拉米伦堡（米隆修士堡）------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Croizet-Bages 歌碧酒庄------ Pauillac 波亚克

Chateau Cantemerle(Macau) 佳得美庄园（坎特美尔古堡）------ Haut-Medoc 上梅多克

翻译这么多，应该给几十个金币吧，呵呵。。。