中考英语短文填空的技巧和方法

一、短文填空题型说明

短文填空也叫综合填空，其特点是将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出后，要求考生根据短文的意思，在每个空格中填上一个词，使短文意思完整正确。它是测试同学们理解能力及对词汇、语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况的一种形式。这是中考中一个比较难的项目。其原因是考点不明确：凡涉及英文的理解、词汇、语法和习惯用法的都可以考。内容更是包罗万象：天文地理、历史人文、科技发展、旅游广告等。要求同学们在读通、读懂的基础上，填出符合内容和语法的词或词组。凡是课文中学到的词汇和语法都是考试的范围，各种介词、副词和习惯用法也会经常考到。尤其对于长句子，特别要注意其结构，要精确地分析句子成分。在做综合填空时，要养成快速阅读全文的习惯。句子读得越快越长，理解的精度就越高。根据其难度的不同又分为选词填空题、限词填空题和自由填空题。

二、短文填空解题思路

1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。

2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。

3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。

三、做短文填空题的注意之处

1、语义完整、适用是做好填词的前提，要从全文的内容出发，前后上下联系起来考虑，避免“只见树木，不见森林”的错误。

2、要善于从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找线索，从中得到提示和启发，帮助确定应填词的词性和词形，这样可避免想当然地随意乱填。复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。

3、三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。

中考英语的阅读理解的题型和文章类型有哪些

( )1. It seems that you are never _________ pocket money.

A. need B. short C. short of D. want

( )2. The __________is used to help you to control the computer.

A. mouse B. keyboard C. monitor D. main unit

( )3. My neighbor has _________ one-month-old baby to look after.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

( )4. As students, we shouldn’t always depend _____ our parents.

A. in B. at C. for D. on

( )5. Your brain can understand the meaning of things better and _______new ideas.

A. invent B. think C. create D. find out

( )6. People _____a computer some instructions by ____a program into it.

A. give; put B. giving, putting C. give .putting D. giving. put

( )7. Plastics can be used all kinds of things now.

A. to making B. to make C. making D. make

( )8. The price of a computer is .

A. expensive B. cheap C. small D. high

( )9. There ________ tiny, hidden computers in your home that you don’t realize.

A. maybe B. may be C. mustn’t be D. can be

( )10. I have given him ______, but he has never taken any of it.

A. much advice B. many advices C. some advices D. lots of advices

( )11. The boy just stood before the car. He _________ the danger.

A. unaware of B. was unaware of C. aware of D. was aware for

( )12. The pancake usually tastes____.

A. delicious B. deliciously C. well D. wonderfully

( )13. Suddenly he _______ from his chair and ______ his voice.

A. rose, raised B. raised, rose C. rose, rose D. raised, raised

( )14. ___________ useful information he has collected!

A. What an B. What a C. How D. What

( )15. There is ________ in today’s newspaper.

A. something interesting B. interesting something

C. something interested D. interested something

( )16. Nancy rarely goes to school without breakfast, ________?

A. doesn’t she B. does she C. isn’t she D. is she

( )17. I really don’t know __________with the machine.

A. what to do B. how to do C. to do what D. to do how

( )18._________huge amounts of information the computer has stored!

A. How B. How a C. What a D. What

( )19.I don’t have any experience ______the time being, but I’m a fast learner.

A. on B. at C. for D. with

( )20. They are very tired. Let them＿＿＿a rest.

A. stop having B. to stop having C. stop to have D. to stop to have

( )21. The doctor spent about three hours ________ the patient.

A. operating B. operating on C. to operate D. to operate on

( )22. The boy was asked_________ spend too much time on computer games.

A. not B. to not C. didn’t D. not to

( )23. Do you know the answer __________the question, Mr. Black?

A. of B. for C. to D. with

( )24. What __________to us if computers__________ our jobs?

A. happens, do B. will happen, will do

C. will happen, do D. happens, will do

( )25. I haven’t decided __________.

A. to take which train B. which to take a train

C. which train to take D. which train taken

( )26. She said she __________ to the bus stop.

A. needs to walk B. needed to walk

C. need walks D. doesn’t need to walk

( )27. Although Jane is only six, she knows ______________ well.

A. how to do B. what to do it C. how to do it D. why to do

( )28. You must remember _____ me a phone call as soon as you get there.

A. giving B. to give C. gave D. give

( )29. I have no time ________ your excuse.

A. hear B. to hear C. to listen to D. listening

( )30. John, you ________ buy the tickets for me, we have already got there.

A. don’t need B. haven’t to C. don’t need to D. needn’t to

( )31. Computers can store________ information than human beings can.

A. much B. more much C. much more D. so much

( )32. Computers may be＿＿＿than judges and teachers＿＿＿doing their jobs.

A. better, in B. worse, in C. better, at D. poorer, at

( )33. China is larger than _________ in Asia.

A. any other country B. any country

C. any other countries D. any countries

( )34. Mary is able to speak English ________ Tom.

A. as fluent as B. so fluently as

C. more fluent than D. as fluently as

( )35. Computers will become______.

A. moderner and moderner B. more and more moderner

C. much and much modern D. more and more modern

( )36.A: Does Mary write as ______ as Betty?

B: No, Betty writes _____ than Mary. Betty writes ______ in our class.

A. careful; more carefully; the most careful

B. carefully; more carefully; most carefully

C. more careful; careful; the most careful

D. more carefully; carefully; most carefully

( )37. I think that the film “The Lord of Ring” was one of _____ films that I have ever seen.

A. the wonderful B. most wonderful

C. the most wonderful D. a wonderful

( )38. I like _____ of the twins.

A. the young B. the youngest C. the younger D. younger

( )39.China is bigger than _____ in Africa.

A. any other countries B. any other country

C. any countries D. any country

( )40. The computer of this kind can work ________ than the one of that kind.

A. hundred of times faster B. a hundred

C. hundred times faster D. hundreds of times faster

答案：1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B

10. A 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. D

19. C 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. C

28. B 29. C 30. C 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. B

37. C 38. C 39. D 40. D

解题要点：词汇熟练，审题仔细

试题中所选的阅读文章题材多样化，涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面。(这要求学生平时对各方面的知识都有所积累，做个有心人)

体裁多样化，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格(要求学生能看懂这类阅读材料尤其是时下出题的趋势)等各种文体。它要求考生阅读理解准确率高、阅读速度快。

大致来说，主要针对如下方面：

1.文章的个别词或句子，可以给出生词让学生猜意，对此类题目学生应尽量在阅读材料中找定义或解释;

2、文章的某细节或情节;

3、文章的主题;

4、文章的背景知识;

5、文章的结论或结局;

6、文章内涵的隐义或寓意等。主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估能力等。

具体来讲主要有以下几种题型：

(一)直接理解性题目：这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。

(二)语义理解性题目：题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释。解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出正确答案。

(三)逻辑推理性题目：这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，才能获得正确答案。

(四)归纳概括性题目：要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章作出归纳、概括或评价。

解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(mainidea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、专业知识进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。

扩展资料：

先阅读，后完型，语法填空看搭配。

阅读首先要看题干，分析题干类型，是主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题还是猜测词义题，依据各个题类型的解题技巧去解题。

如碰到主旨大意题时，则最好把四个选项都看下，因为总有一个选项是符合文章主题的。然后再分享提干之间的关系和倾向，其实有的时候不需要看文章，就能选出个别题的答案。

做阅读，学会化减法，插入语例子可以先略看等。同时，要选择直接答案，要在文章中找到依据，各个选项基本文章都有类似或相同的话，依次排除推选。千万不能想当然，凭主观意识去选择。

阅读做完就是完形，完形一般是记叙文

第一步首先要反复看首段，首段前几句，注意关联词，遇到but就要重点看它之后的句子内容。如果前几句没看明白，完形就很难拿高分，没看明白，就多运用语法去分析，反复理解，了解文章的人物事件等;其次看末段，末段一般就是表达作者想要表达的思想感情，把握文章的主题。

第二步，就是逐句翻译，边翻译分析句子，边做题，确定的先选上，完形题会有简单能够直接确定的题，但不确定的，千万不能直接选，要先空着，继续做下一题，看看后文有没有提示，然后再结合起来去确定前面的答案。

完形考点名词、动词一般会有用法辨析，还有上下文。会考到关联词或连词。切勿断章取义，不确定的切勿填，一定要综合上下文。

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