一、用于驳性和比较性论文
1. In general, I don’t agree with
总的说来，我不同意。。。
2. In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.
在我看来，这种观点并不可靠。
3. The chief reason why… is that…
最主要的原因是。。。
4.There is no true that…
。。。并不真实
5. It is not true that…
。。并不正确
6. It can be easily denied than…
。。。。很容易被推翻
7. We have no reason to believe that…
我们没有理由相信。。。
8. What is more serious is that…
更为严重的是。。。
9. But it is pity that…
遗憾的是。。。
10. Besides, we should not neglect that…
另外，我们不能忽略。。
11. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore…
但问题并不简单。所以。。。
12. Others may find this to be true, but I believer that…
有的人可能认为这是正确的，但我认为
13. Perhaps I was question why…
我对。。。。又疑问
14. There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to…
这里包含了很多事实，但如果我们关注。。。就不难发现还是又很多问题的。
15. Though we are in basic agreement with…,but
虽然我们都承认。。。但是。。。
16. What seems to be the trouble is…
现在的问题是。。
17. Yet differences will be found, that’s why I feel that…
这些差别导致我感觉到。。。
18. It would be reasonable to take the view that …, but it would be foolish to claim that…
有。。的观点固然合理，但声明。。就显得愚蠢了。
19. There is in fact on reason for us so believe that…
我们有理由相信。。。
20. What these people fail to consider is that…
这些人没有认识到的是。。。
21. It is one thing to insist that… , it is quite another to show that …
这是一个可以支持。。的事实，另一个事实是。。。
22. Wonderful as A is , however, it has its own disadvantages too.
像A这样好的东西也有自己的缺点
23. The advantages of B are much greater than A.
比起A来，B的优势更为显著
24. A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into consideration.
如果你考虑到B的优势，你会发现A的优势是多么的可笑
二、用于描写图表和数据
1. It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998.
2. There is an increase of 20% in total this year.
3. It has been increased by a factor of 4since 1995.
4. It would be expected to increase 5 times.
5. The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.
6. It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996.
7. The total number was lowered by 10%.
8. It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year.
9. Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent.
10. The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.
11. It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with…
三、用于解释性和阐述性论说文
1.Everybody knows that…
2.It can be easily proved that…
3. It is true that…
4. No one can deny that
5. One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is…
6. The chief reason is that…
7. We must recognize that…
8. There is on doubt that…
9. I am of the opinion that…
10. This can be expressed as follows;
11. To take …for an example…
12. We have reason to believe that
13. Now that we know that…
14. Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned…
15. The change in …largely results from the fact that
16. There are several causes for this significant growth in…,first …,second …,finally…
17. A number of factors could account for the development in…
18. Perhaps the primary reason is…
19. It is chiefly responsible of…
20. The reasons for…are complicated, And probably they are found in the fact…
21. Here are several possible reasons, excerpt that…
22. Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that…
23. It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon…
24. Different people observes it in different ways.
四、用于文章的开头
1. As the proverb says…
2. It goes without saying tan…
3. Generally speaking…
4. It is quite clear than because…
5. It is often said that …
6. Many people often ask such question:“…？”
7. More and more people have come to realize…
8. There is no doubt that…
9. Some people believe that…
10. These days we are often told that, but is this really the case?
11. One great man said that…
12. Recently the issue of… has been brought to public attention.
13. In the past several years there has been…
14. Now it is commonly held that… but I doubt whether…
15. Currently there is a widespread concern that…
16. Now people in growing number are coming to realize that…
17. There is a general discussion today about the issue of …
18. Faced with…, quite a few people argue that…, but other people conceive differently.
五、用于文章的结尾
1. from this point of view…
2. in a word…
3. in conclusion…
4. on account of this we can find that…
5. the result is dependent on…
6. therefore, these findings reveal the following information:
7. thus, this is the reason why we must…
8. to sum up …
9. as far as…be concerned, I believe that…
10. It is obvious that…
11. There is little doubt that…
12. There is no immediate solution to the problem of …, but …might be helpful
13. None of the solutions is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.
14. It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on…
15. Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclustion that…
．陈述或论证观点、看法（view，point，opinion）、原因（reason、cause）、方法、手段、措施、步骤。。。。。。（method，means，measures，step。。。）、因素（factor）、利弊、优缺点（advantage，disadvantage）时常用的词语、句式：
（1）引述段落提出问题时常用的句式、词语：
。。。。的原因有许多。There are many reasons why。。。
。。。。的原因如下；The reasons why 。。。are as follows
我的看法是。。。。My opinion is that
（2）展开段落论证时常用的句式、词语：
①、第一层次（首先）First，Firstly，In the first place，First of all ，To begin with，For one thing。
我的第一理由是。。。My first reason is that。。。
主要因素是。。。。The main factor is that 。。。
②第二层次（其次）Second ，Secondly，In the Second place，Next，Then，For another，
另一种方法是。。。Another means of 。。。is to do。。
第二种解决方法是。。。the second solution is that。。。
③第三层次（第三点）Third，a thirdly，besides，in addition，furthermore，what is more important
（3）总结性段落常用句式、词语：
最后一点 last，lastly，finally，in the last place ，last of all，in short，in brief
简言之 in a word ，in summary，to sum up
总之， in conclusion，on the whole，altogether，in all
因此， so，thus，hence，therefore。Consequently，for thee reasons
结果， in consequence，as a result
由此可见。。。 it will be seen from it that
如上所述，我们可以得出结论。。。as has been said above，we can conclude/make a conclusion/draw a conclusion/reach a conclusion come to a conclusion that。。。
（4）将事物的正反、好坏两方面，或者将两种不同事物进行比较，对比时常用的句式、短语：
然而 while ，whereas，but，however，nevertheless
尽管如此 in spite of that，despite all this
但在另一方面 but on the other hand
与。。。相比 in/by in comparison with。。。/as compare with。。。
对比之下 by/in contrast
与。。。相反 as opposed to。。。/instead of。。。
相反 on the contrary，instead
他们的区别如下 The differences are as follows；the differences can be described as follows
A与B之间的不同在于。。。。the differences between A and B is /lies in/exists in/consists in。。。；A is different from B in。。。
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